In the Progressive Era one can see bosses and mayors becoming one and the same. More often than not the mayor’s office wins out—in the
Author: edcurmudgeon
New York City
New York City: The obvious centerpiece of ethnic-based machines is New York City’s Tammany Hall—and the obvious example of typical ethnic machine behavior is
Machines and Bosses in Progressive Era: Cincinnati Cox, New York City Tammany and Buffalo
Machines and Bosses Our history distinguishes machines from (1) bosses, (2) city-wide and centralized versus ward and decentralized organization, and (3) their voting constituency, always
Ron W. Coan 